黑龙江野鲤的主要经济性状及其遗传资源

本文通过三年试验,测定了黑龙江野鲤的生长、饲养成活率、越冬成活率、抗病力、繁殖力、含肉率、鱼肉成份等主要经济性状。松花江下游野鲤群体生长快于镜泊湖、达赉湖和嫩江的群体。嫩江野鲤(♀)与兴凯湖野鲤(♂)杂交F_1,表现出生长的杂交优势。从鱼苗到性成熟野鲤的饲养成活率明显高于荷包红鲤和德国镜鲤。黑龙江野鲤具有极强的抗寒能力和抗病能力,它的这两个特性可以通过杂交转移给后代。野鲤的繁殖力很高,因此在黑龙江水系中保持较大的群体数量。野鲤的含肉率比其它鲤鱼高:在鱼肉成份中,有较高的蛋白质含量和较低的脂肪,含水量较小,鱼肉品质高。黑龙江野鲤的这些优良经济性状,是鲤鱼遗传改良的重要遗传材料,开发利用后必将产生巨大的经济效益。

Genetic Resource And Economic Characters Of Wild Carp In Heilongjiang Waters

Through 3 years'test, the growth rate, survival rate, of pond culture and overwintering, disease reistance reproductive capacity, meat content of the wild carp in Heilongjiang waters were measured.The population of low section of songhua river grows faster than that of Jingto lake, Dalai lake and Nenjiang river. The hybrid of Nenjiang river wild carpxXingkai lake wild carp expressed heterosis in growing. The survival date from fry to adult, the wild carp are obviously higher than red ball common carp and Germany carp. The wild carps in Heilongjiang waters have very strong featurs in resistance coldness and disease reisstomce could be hereditary to their offsprings. As their higher reproductive capacity, the wild carp keeps a big population in Heilongjiang waters. The wild carp has a higher net meat rate, tnere is higher protein content and lower fat rate and moisture in the meat, so that the wild carp has superior Quality meat. Since the fine varieties of the characters, the wild carp in Heilongjiang waters can be an important genetic resource for carp breeding.