滇东南石漠化土地整理区土地利用变化及其生态经济效应

运用典型样地调查法、参与式农村评估法和GIS技术,分析了西畴石漠化土地整理模式实施中典型样地16年来(1990—2006年)土地利用在数量、速度和空间方面的变化及其所产生的生态经济效应,结果表明:16年来,研究区内的土地利用结构变化明显,主要表现为梯地、坡旱地及裸岩石砾地之间的相互转化。随着石漠化土地整理区土地利用的变化,在16年里裸岩石砾地和坡旱地比例下降,梯地比例提高,农业植被覆盖率和生物多样性增加,水土流失减轻;同时,粮食产量大幅度增长,农民人均纯收入和生活水平逐步提高,生态经济效应良好。

Land Use Variation and Economic and Ecological Effects of Land Consolidation Area of Karst Rocky Desertification in Southeast of Yunnan

The paper analyzes the variations on quantity,speed,spatial aspects and its economic and ecological effect of land utilization of typical samples in the rocky desertification land of Xichou in last 16 years(from 1990 to 2006),through the methods of typical sample survey,participatory rural assessment and GIS technique.The outcomes show that the structure of land utilization of the studied region has been changed greatly,mainly on interchanging among terraced fields,sloped land and uncovered gravel land.Along with the changes of land utilization of rocky desertification land,the proportion of sloped land and uncovered gravel land has been decreased,while the terraced fields has increased.The cover degree of agricultural vegetation and biological diversity has increased,while the soil and water loss has reduced.In the meantime,the grain yield,the net income per capita and the living standard of farmers has increased gradually and the effect of ecologic economy is getting better.