滇龙胆草资源调查及繁殖特性研究

对滇西南地区滇龙胆草在自然状态下的生长环境、生长特性、繁殖特性、开花物候以及资源状况等进行了考查。结果表明:滇龙胆草的野生种群在自然状态下仅为间断分布且种群内的植株数量较少,自种子萌发至植株开花结实需3年以上;开花后及时授粉,传粉方式以自花传粉为主,授粉后5～8 d子房开始膨大,果实成熟期为60d左右,自然状态下结实率(88%)较高但种子萌发率(0.3%)较低;分蘖繁殖能力较低,每丛1年仅萌生1～2条茎;野生生境下滇龙胆草群体的更新主要是通过有性繁殖实现的。

The Germplasm Resources Investigation and Study on Reproductive Characteristics of Gentiana rigescens

The habit, growth and propagation characteristics, floral phenology as well as the germplasm re- source status of Gentiana rigescens growed in natural conditions were investigated in the present work. Results showed that the distribution of wild Gentiana rigescens population was disconnected, and the plant number in population was rare. The period from seed germination to blossom might be as long as three years. Self polli- nation was the main path. The ovary began to expand at the fifth to eighth day after the pollination. Fruit-set- ting rate （88%） was very high, and fruit got mature about 60 days after the pollination. However, seed ger- mination rare （0.3%） was very low in natural conditions, and the ability of tillering propagation was very low, therefore, sexual reproduction was main means for population expansion of Gentiana rigescens in wild habit.