吉林省春玉米土壤中、微量元素“潜缺乏”初探

在吉林省中、西部玉米主产区进行高产条件下硫、镁、锌、锰、硼施用效果试验。结果表明,增施中、微量元素可以有效促进植株对营养元素的吸收、子粒的形成以及干物质的累积,不同中、微量元素响应程度区域性差异较大。中部地区以硫效果最好,产量增幅10.4%～12.0%,氮、磷、钾养分累积量分别增幅12.0%～12.8%、12.9%～21.7%、0～11.5%,其次是硼、镁;西部地区以锌效果最好,产量增幅18.7%～35.0%,氮、磷、钾养分累积量分别增幅40.8%～62.4%、39.4%～59.5%、9.4%～70.5%,其次是硼、锰、硫。依据区域特点,有针对性地补充中、微量元素可有效提高作物生产力,增产增收。

Preliminary Study on Hidden Deficiency of Secondary and Trace Elements in Spring Maize in Jilin Province

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of secondary and trace elements(S, Mg, Zn, Mn, B) on grain yield and nutrient accumulation under high yield conditions in the middle and west of Jilin province. The results indicated that secondary and trace elements improved significantly the nutrient uptake, formation of grain yield, and accumulation of biomass. There was the difference in the response of the plant between the middle and west region. In the middle of Jilin province, the grain yield, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium increased 10.4%-12.0%, 12.0%-12.8%, 12.9%-21.7%, 0-11.5%, respectively, by applying sulphur(S) fertilizer, which was best. And second was boron(B) and magnesium(Mg). In the west of Jilin province, the effect of applying zinc(Zn) fertilizer was best and the grain yield, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium increased 18.7%-35.0%, 40.8%-62.4%, 39.4%-59.5%, 9.4%-70.5%, respectively. Second was boron(B), manganese(Mn) and sulphur(S) fertilizer, respectively. Applying secondary and trace elements fertilizer based on the regional characteristic improved productivity of crop and increased both production and income.