气象条件对加工番茄生长发育的影响

使用乌苏气象站近53 a(1953~2005年)气象资料与乌苏番茄制酱厂产量报告,研究了乌苏气象条件对加工番茄生长发育的影响,得出以下结论:①推荐保证率60%对应的界限温度≥5℃初日作为早熟番茄的开播期,4月上旬中后期作为大面积集中播种期;②乌苏每10 a中约有1年终霜冻出现于4月下旬,对幼苗威胁较大;③近53 a乌苏≥10℃积温呈显著增多趋势,倾向率为85.2℃.d/10 a,达到了α=0.001的显著水平,热量条件变化对番茄生长十分有利;④6~8月持续≥35℃高温天气导致番茄座果率降低,并对产量和品质造成很大影响,建议以种植早熟品种为主;⑤在较强降水前3~6 d灌水,烂果率达70%~80%,病害发生严重。

Effects on Meteorological Conditions on Growth and Development of Processing Tomato

The data of meteorological observation of Wusu station during 1953-2005,and yield reports of Tunhe company of tomato products recently year were used,to analyze the effects of Climate condition on the growth of tomato.The result show: ①recommended the first day of boundary temperature(5℃) with its guarantee rate 60% as the starting seeding for early variety of tomato,It is main seeding time in the end of the first ten-day of April.②The late frost appeared in the late ten-day period of April every ten-year,it made large threaten for the seedling.③It showed that the cumulative temperature of 10℃ was increased with tendency rate at 85.2 ℃·d/10a,significant level 0.001.It is very advantageous to growth of tomato.④Last high temperature(≥ 35 ℃) should decline the fruit setting rate from July to August,it suggested that the early variety should be planted.⑤It should be heavy rainfall if water 3-6 days ago,the rotten fruit rate will reach 70%-80%,and will occur serious disease.