热带亚热带玉米种质的改良研究进展

研究结果表明，经过改良热带亚热带玉米种质的株高降低40%以上，收获指数从30%提高到50%左右。大多数墨西哥马齿型、加勒比马齿型和硬粒型是锈病的抗源；群体22、28和31是霜霉病的抗源；TZSR(W)和TZSR(Y)群体是条纹病的抗源；Sanata Rosa 8073、NB-6和NB-12群体是粗缩病的抗源；群体590、390和Cornell ECB群体是玉米螟的抗源；Tuxpeno Sequia 抗旱性突出；Composto Amplo、SA-4和SA-6具有耐贫瘠及铝毒的优良特性。这些特异性种质可用于扩增、改良我国玉米的种质基础，提高抗病虫能力和抗逆性能，挖掘产量潜力。

Study Advances of Improved Tropical and Subtropical Maize Germplasm

The study showed that plant height of improved tropical and subtropical maize germplasm was reduced more than 40%,harvest index was raised from 30% to 50% by recurrent selection.Most of the Mexican dent germplasm,Caribbena dent and flint germplasm resisted to maize rust.The Suwan-1,Pop.22 Pop.28 and Pop.31 resisted to maize downy mildew.TZSR(w) and TZSR(Y) population were germplasm resources resistant to maize streak virus.Sanata Rosa 8073,NB-6and NB-12 were elite germplasm resistant to MRDV,Pop.390 and Cornell ECB resisted to maize borers and fall armyworms,Tuxpeno Sequia was a good drought-tolerant population,Composto Amplo,SA-4 and Sa-6 populations were excellent germplasm of aluminum tolerance.These outstanding maize germplasmes could be used to improve main maize germplasm of our country.so that raised superior performance resistant to diseases,insects,stress tolerance,and excavated optential grain yield.