不同林龄油茶叶片与土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征研究

以浙江省常山县3年生、6年生、9年生、30年生的油茶人工林为研究对象，分析了不同林龄油茶叶片和土壤的碳、氮、磷含量及化学计量比。结果表明：油茶叶片碳含量在不同林龄间差异不显著；9年生叶片氮含量显著高于3年生的，磷含量则表现为9年生和30年生的叶片显著高于3年生的；3年生叶片的C∶N显著高于9年生的，C∶P则表现为3年生叶片显著高于9年生和30年生的。土壤有机碳含量随着年龄的增长而随之增加，9年生和30年生油茶林表层土壤有机碳含量显著高于3年生的。土壤氮、磷含量则随着林龄的增大而降低，3年生和6年生油茶林土壤磷含量显著高于30年生的，其中土层为10～30 cm的土壤氮含量显著高于30年生的。土壤C∶N、C∶P均随着林龄的增加而增大，不同林龄间具有显著性差异。除N∶P外，同一林龄油茶土壤碳、氮、磷含量及其化学计量比均随土层深度增加而降低。叶片氮、磷含量与土壤有机碳含量有显著正相关关系；叶片碳含量与表层土壤氮含量之间有显著正相关关系，而叶片氮、磷含量则与表层土壤氮含量呈显著负相关。油茶生长的限制元素是氮，在生产经营过程中，可适当增施氮肥。

Eco-stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Leaves and Soil of Camellia oleifera at Different Age

The 3-year, 6-year, 9-year, and 30-year-old Camellia oleifera plantations in Changshan County, Zhejiang Province were used as the research objects. The carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and stoichiometric ratios of C. oleifera leaves and soils were analyzed. The results show that there is no significant difference in the carbon content of C. oleifera leaves among different forest ages. The nitrogen content of the 9-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 3-year-old, and the phosphorus content shows that the 9-year-old and 30-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the 3-year-old. The C∶N of the 3-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 9-year-old, and the C∶P shows that the 3-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the 9-year and 30-year-old. The soil organic carbon content increases with age, and the soil organic carbon content in the surface soil of 9-year-old and 30-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that in 3-year-old. The soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents decrease with the increase of forest age. The soil phosphorus content of the 3-year and 6-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old, and the soil nitrogen content of the soil layer of 10-30 cm is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old. Soil C∶N, C∶P increase with the increase of forest age, and there are significant differences among different forest ages. Except N∶P, the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and their stoichiometric ratios of the same forest age oil tea decreased with the increase of soil depth. There is a significant positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus content in leaves and soil organic carbon content. There is a significant positive correlation between leaf carbon content and surface soil nitrogen content, while leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents are significantly negatively correlated with surface soil nitrogen content. The limiting element for the growth of C. oleifera is nitrogen. In the process of production and management, nitrogen fertilizer can be appropriately added.