不同大别山山核桃优树含油率与脂肪酸组分含量分析

为了解大别山山核桃优树间种仁含油率和脂肪酸组分含量差异，以18株初选优树的果实为研究材料，测定分析了果实含油率和脂肪酸组分含量。结果表明：优树种仁含油率为48.6%～70.3%，变异系数为7.83%。其中XZ5含油率最高，为70.3%；其次XZ2为68.4%，优树JZH和ZZ2含油率最低，仅为55.9%和48.6%。优树脂肪酸组分间以亚油酸变异系数最大，为21.23%；其次棕榈烯酸为14.36%，亚麻酸12.93%，硬脂酸10.05%；顺-11-二十碳烯酸、油酸和棕榈酸变异系数较小，分别为4.14%、4.43%和4.82%。油酸含量以XZ5最高，为81.8%，其次XZ1和XZ2，分别为81.3%和81.0%；亚油酸以ZZ2最高为17.8%，其次GJC4和ZW1，分别为17.5%和17.2%。多不饱和脂肪酸变异系数为20.07%，含量以ZZ2、GJC3和ZW1最高，分别为19.143%、18.984%和18.774%；单不饱和脂肪酸变异系数为4.40%，含量以XZ5、XZ1和XZ2最高，分别为81.976%、81.480%和81.181%；饱和脂肪酸变异系数为5.79%，含量以ZZ2最高为8.973%。大别山山核桃优树脂肪酸组分间存在一定的相关关系，其中油酸和亚油酸呈极显著的负相关关系，单不饱和脂肪酸含量与多不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸呈极显著的负相关关系。

Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Superior Carya dabieshanensis Trees in Dabieshan

To understand oil content and fatty acid composition of different selected superior trees of Carya dabieshanensis, taking the fruits of 18 selected superior trees as materials, oil content and fatty acid composition were tested. The results show that the oil content of superior trees is 48.6%-70.3%, CV is 7.83%, oil content of XZ5 is the highest which is 70.3%, the second is XZ2 which is 68.4%, oil content of JZH and ZZ2 is the lowest, which is only 55.9% and 48.6%. The maximum variation coefficient of linoleic acid among the fatty acid components of the superior trees is 21.23%; the second palmitic acid is 14.36%, the linolenic acid is 12.93%, and the stearic acid is 10.05%. The coefficient of variation of cis-11-eicosenoic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid is small, 4.14%, 4.43% and 4.82%, respectively. The oleic acid content was highest at XZ5, which is 81.8%, followed by XZ1 and XZ2, which are 81.3% and 81.0%, respectively. Linoleic acid has a maximum ZZ2 of 17.8%, followed by GJC4 and ZW1, which are 17.5% and 17.2%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is 20.07%, and the highest content is ZZ2, GJC3 and ZW1, which are 19.143%, 18.984% and 18.774%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of monounsaturated fatty acids is 4.40%, and the highest content is XZ5, XZ1 and XZ2, which are 81.976%, 81.480% and 81.181%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of saturated fatty acids is 5.79%, and the highest content of ZZ2 is 8.973%. There is a certain correlation between the fatty acid components of pecans in Dabieshan. There is a significant negative correlation between oleic acid and linoleic acid. The content of monounsaturated fatty acids is significantly negatively correlated with polyunsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids