菊科4种植物萃取物对核桃病原真菌的抑菌活性研究

以菊科4种植物为实验材料，分别用石油醚和乙酸乙酯对菊科4种植物的提取物进行萃取，采用生长速率法测定了不同萃取物对5种核桃病源的抑菌活性，通过SPSS 19软件计算了不同的萃取物对5种核桃病原真菌的毒力回归方程和半抑制浓度。结果表明：菊科4种植物的有机溶剂萃取物对5种核桃病原真菌的生长均有不同程度的抑制效果。小飞蓬石油醚萃取物对壳梭孢、壳二孢、炭疽菌的抑制效果最好，抑制率到达了77.5%、81.6%、79.5%，EC₅₀值分别为1.31、1.34、0.71 mg/mL。波斯菊石油醚萃取物对叶点霉病原菌抑制效果最好，抑制率为74.1%，EC₅₀值为0.56 mg/mL。小飞蓬乙酸乙酯萃取物对拟茎点霉病原菌的抑制效果最好，抑制率为61.8%，EC₅₀值为3.63 mg/mL。

Antibacterial Activity of 4 Kinds of Asteraceae Extracts Against Juglans regia Pathogenic Fungi

Four kinds of Asteraceae were used as experimental materials, and the extracts of them were extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate respectively. The antibacterial activity of different extracts on 5 kinds of Juglans regia was determined by the growth rate method. The virulence regression equation and semi-inhibitory concentration of different extracts on 5 kinds of J. regia. Four kinds of Asteraceae were used as experimental materials, and the extracts of them were extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate respectively. The antibacterial activity of different extracts on 5 kinds of J. regia was determined by the growth rate method. The virulence regression equation and semi-inhibitory concentration of different extracts on 5 kinds of J. regia pathogenic fungi were calculated by SPSS 19. The results show that 4 kinds extracts have certain inhibitory effects on mycelium growth of the 5 pathogens. The petroleum extract of Conyza canadensis has the strongest inhibitory effects on the Fusicoccum persicae, Ascochyta sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and the inhibition rate reached 77.5%, 81.6% and 79.5%, and the EC50 are 1.31, 1.34, 0.71 mg/mL. The petroleum extract of Cosmos bipinnata has the strongest inhibitory effect on the Phyllosticta sp., the inhibition rate is 74.1%, and the EC50 is 0.56 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract of Conyza canadensis has the strongest inhibitory effects on the Phyllosticta sp., the inhibition rate is 61.8%, the EC50 is 3.63 mg/mL.