Perception and preference of trees: A psychological contribution to tree species selection in urban areas |
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| Institution: | 1. TU Dresden, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Technological Development, 01062 Dresden, Germany;2. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, 100083, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, China;3. Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, China;4. Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China;5. School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China;1. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Science, Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, PO Box 66, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden;2. Myerscough College, Bilsborrow, Preston, Lancashire PR3 0RY, UK;3. Cornell University, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Department of Horticulture, 134A Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA;1. School of Urban and Environmental Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China;2. School of Arts and Design, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China;3. College of Art and Architecture, University of Idaho, Moskow, USA;1. Dept. of Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, British University in Egypt, Egypt;2. Dept. of Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology – Cairo Campus, Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport, Egypt;3. Dept. of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | Trees can enhance human mental and physical well-being in urban environments. However, the tree benefits in urban planning are insufficiently recognised, and there is little knowledge on the tree characteristics that are relevant to humans and how they are evaluated. This paper presents perceptual tree parameters and their relation to human preferences. In study 1, participants sorted 24 tree images by perceived similarity. Hierarchical cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling (MDS) revealed the distinction between conifers and deciduous trees, crown shape, the two-dimensional crown size to trunk height ratio and the crown density as important to humans. In study 2, participants rated the trees based on their preferences. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that a high two-dimensional crown size to trunk height ratio and a high crown density predicted deciduous tree preferences. These findings are discussed in light of the savannah hypothesis and the Gestalt grouping principle of closure. In the task of tree selection and placement for urban areas, the identified perceptual tree parameters may allow for achieving a coherent overall picture with a simultaneous increase of tree species richness. Thus, urban landscape planning can apply the presented findings for increasing ecosystem health and residential satisfaction. |
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| Keywords: | Landscape architecture Green space planning Urban forestry Tree perception Aesthetics Environmental psychology |
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