合丰号大豆主要推广品种农艺性状的改进与变化

本文通过对1959--195年合丰号大豆15个主要推广品种农艺性状遗传改进的研究，结果表明：单株粒重、单株荚数、单株粒数、主茎荚数、每节荚数、主茎粒重、粒茎比随着年代的推进呈先减后增的趋势；每荚粒数随着年代的推进减增交替进行；生育期前期早、中前期晚，后期比较适中；百粒重、株高、分枝数、生育前期随着年代的推进呈先增后减的趋势；茎粗、生育后期呈前期和后期增加，中期减少的趋势；干茎重、秆的强度随着年代推进呈增加的趋势；分枝粒数中期以前和后期减少，中后期增加；分枝荚数、分枝粒重随着年代的推进增减交替进行；底荚高度随着年代推进呈降低趋势；节间长度前、后期短，中期长；主茎节数变化不大，后期较多。

IMPROEMENT ANA VARIATION OF MAIN AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF HEFENG SOTBEAN VARIETIES

Genetic improvement of main agronomic characters of 15 Hefeng soybean varieties developed from 1959 to 1995 was studied. Results showed that seed weight per plant, pots per plant, seeds per plant, pods of stem, pods per node, seeds of main stem, seed weight of main stem, ratio of seed weight/stem weight ended to decrease in early years and increase in later years. During the period, seeds per pod changed affernatly. The growing period of emergence to tall blooming was short, and the early podding stage was long, and full blooming to maturity was proper. 100-seed weight, plant height, branches No. emergence to full blooming tended to decrease in early years and increase in later years. Stem thickness, full blooming to maturity tended to increase in early and later years, but decrease in the intermediate stage. Dry stem weight, stem strength increased. Seeds of branch decreased in intermediate and later years, and then increased. Pods of branch and seed weight of branch changed altermatly. Height of bottom pods from soil surface decreased. Length of internode were short in early and later years, and long in the intemerdiate stage. Nodes of main stem changed slightly, and tended to increase in later years.