压电型振动气吸式穴盘育苗精量播种机设计与试验

为了适应微小尺寸的作物（林木、花卉及一些蔬菜）种子的穴盘育苗精量播种工作要求，采用压电振动方式驱动与气吸盘相结合的吸排种原理，设计了一种新型的精量播种机。对压电振动工作台进行结构、参数和驱动系统设计，基于逆压电效应，压电驱动器产生的微位移经放大机构放大后驱动种子盘振动，使种子克服相互间摩擦力而产生有利于吸种的“沸腾”运动，种子盘设计成1～2行吸种宽度、轻质材料、窄结构形式，并实现了补吸种，吸种率大大提高。试验结果表明：压电振动台的振幅超过1.3?mm以上，机械系统振动响应频率在13～55?Hz，且频宽可调（共振频率25?Hz），种子吸种率在振动强度为1.4～1.7时均达到98%以上，满足穴盘育苗精量播种农艺要求，达到预期设计目的。

Design and experiment of piezoelectric type vibration air-suction precision seeder with holey tray

On the basis of the combined seeding mode of piezoelectric vibration and air-suction, a new precision seeder was designed for seeding precisely the small size of seeds of trees, flowers, or some vegetables, etc. The structure, drive system and parameters of piezoelectric vibration table were designed, based on converse piezoelectric effect, the micro-displacement produced by piezoelectric actuator were amplified by amplification mechanism, then the seed tray vibration was driven , the internal friction between seeds was overcome and the boiling movement beneficial to seed suction was produced. The seed disk was designed only at 1-2 rows of sucking width with lightweight material and narrow structure, so the suction seed rate increased greatly. Experimental results showed that vibration amplitude was more than 1.31 mm, vibration frequency was 13-55 Hz with adjustable frequency width (the resonant frequency is 25Hz), and the suction seed rate of the precise seeder was more than 98% with vibration intensity of 1.4-1.7. It can meet the precise seeding demands.