洋葱鳞茎栽植时期对种株生长发育和种子产量及质量的影响

 研究了9月20日、10月10日、10月30日和11月20日4个洋葱鳞茎栽植时期对种株生长发育和种子产量及质量的影响。结果表明,9月20日栽植,虽越冬前植株营养生长旺盛,但翌年春生长势减弱,植株早衰,影响生殖生长;11月20日栽植,则翌年春植株营养生长受抑制,也不利于抽薹、开花、结实;10月10日和10月30日栽植,植株营养生长旺盛,花薹粗壮。种子收获时,9月20日、10月10日、10月30日和11月20日4个栽植日期的单株种子产量分别为8.98、13.74、14.56和11.46g,千粒质量分别为3.86、4.02、4.07和3.95g。此外,不同栽植时期采收的种子发芽势和发芽率也差异显著,各处理的种子发芽势依次为80.2%、90.9%、95.1%和86.2%。表明山东地区洋葱鳞茎的适宜栽植期为10月10～30日。

Effects of Different Onion Bulb Cultivating Dates on the Growth and Development,Seed Yield and Quality in Seed Plants

The trial on different cultivating dates of onion bulbs were conducted in order to investigate its effect on growth and development,seed yield and quality in seed plants.The results indicated that the bulb cultivated on 20th September grew better before winter,but the plants grew worse next spring.The vegetation growth of plants cultivated on 20th November was restrained and not suitable for bolting and seed development.The plants cultivated on 10th October and 30th October grew vigorously and had thickest flower stem.The seed production per plant in above four treatments were 8.98,13.74,14.56 and 11.46 g respectively,and the weight of thousand seeds was 3.86,4.02,4.07 and 3.95 g respectively.Moreover,the seed germination vigor and germination rate of the four treatments were significantly different,The seed germination vigor was 80.2 %,90.9 %,95.1 % and 86.2 % respectively.It could conclude that proper period for onion bulbs cultivating was from 10th to 30th October in Shandong.