Field-scale validation of an automated soil nitrate extraction and measurement system |
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Authors: | Kevin J Sibley Tessema Astatkie Gordon Brewster Paul C Struik John F Adsett Kris Pruski |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Engineering, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3;(2) Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3;(3) Department of Plant Sciences, Crop and Weed Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;(4) Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3 |
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Abstract: | One of the many gaps that needs to be solved by precision agriculture technologies is the availability of an economic, automated,
on-the-go mapping system that can be used to obtain intensive and accurate ‘real-time’ data on the levels of nitrate nitrogen
(NO3–N) in the soil. A soil nitrate mapping system (SNMS) has been developed to provide a way to collect such data. This study
was done to provide extensive field-scale validation testing of the system’s nitrate extraction and measurement sub-unit (NEMS)
in two crop (wheat and carrot) production systems. Field conditions included conventional tillage (CT) versus no tillage (NT),
inorganic versus organic fertilizer application, four soil groups and three points in time throughout the season. Detailed
data analysis showed that: (i) the level of agreement, as measured by root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error
(MAE) and coefficient of efficiency (CE), between NEMS soil NO3–N and standard laboratory soil NO3–N measurements was excellent; (ii) at the field-scale, there was little practical difference when using either integer or
real number data processing; (iii) regression equations can be used to enable field measurements of soil NO3–N using the NEMS to be obtained with laboratory accuracy; (iv) future designs of the SNMS’s control system can continue to
use cheaper integer chip technology for processing the nitrate ion-selective electrode (NO3
−–ISE) readings; and (v) future designs of the SNMS would not need a soil moisture sensor, ultimately saving on manufacturing
costs of a more simple system. |
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Keywords: | Soil nitrate measuring Ion-selective electrode Precision agriculture |
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