钟冠报春苣苔花发育进程中花色素苷含量的变化

采用超高效液相色谱—四级杆飞行时间串联质谱联用技术（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）测定钟冠报春苣苔（Primulina swinglei）花发育进程中花色素苷在各花器官组织中的分布、含量及比例。共鉴定出17种花色素苷类物质，分别为矢车菊素、芍药花素、飞燕草素、矮牵牛素及锦葵素及其与葡萄糖、芸香糖、乙酰芸香糖等糖苷组合而成的苷元。研究发现，呈紫色的花瓣中蓝紫色的花色素（飞燕草素、矮牵牛素及锦葵素）比例达到64.0%；呈红色的花筒中红粉色的矢车菊素及芍药花素分别占36.7%和20.0%。开花前总花色素苷含量缓慢上升并趋于稳态，该过程中红粉色的花色素占据比例逐渐减小，而蓝紫色花色素所占比例渐趋增加，这可能与花瓣/花筒的比例渐趋增大有关。而花盛开之后，花色素苷含量急剧降低，可能与花色素苷的降解或稀释相关。

The Changes of Anthocyanin Content During the Development of Primulina swinglei Flower

In this paper，visualization of tissue section and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology were applied to investigate differences in the overall anthocyanin content，distribution and composition in different organs and tissues during the development of Primulina swinglei flowers. Seventeen anthocyanins were detected and identified，including cyanidin，peonidin，delphinidin，petunidin and malvidin，which were found in their glycosylated forms linked with sugars such as glucoside，rutinoside，acetyl rutinoside glycosides and other aglycones. The purple color in petals is due mainly to the high proportion（up to 64.0%）of bluish violet pigment of delphinidin，petunidin and malvidin. While the red cylinder color is possibly due to cyanidin and peonidin，which accounted for 36.7% and 20.0%，respectively，of the total anthocyanins. Before blooming，the total anthocyanin increased slowly and then became stable. The percentage of the red pigmented compounds decreased and bluish violet pigments increased during flower development，probably due to the increased contribution of petals to the total mass of the flower. After blooming，the content of anthocyanin decreased，probably due to the pigment degradation or dilution.