棉隆熏蒸加短期轮作葱对平邑甜茶幼苗生长及其生理的影响

以盆栽平邑甜茶幼苗为试材，连续2年研究了老龄苹果园土壤经棉隆熏蒸后轮作一茬葱对再植平邑甜茶植株生理特征的影响，为其减轻苹果连作障碍提供理论依据。结果表明：老龄苹果园土壤轮作葱、棉隆熏蒸、棉隆熏蒸后短期轮作葱均能显著促进连作土壤再植平邑甜茶幼苗的生长，其中以棉隆熏蒸后短期轮作葱处理效果最佳。与棉隆熏蒸相比，棉隆熏蒸加短期轮作葱处理的平邑甜茶株高、地径、鲜质量、干质量、根系呼吸速率在2016年7月分别提高了34.5%、19.5%、30.0%、22.6%、21.3%，2017年7月，上述指标分别提高了29.9%、28.4%、35.0%、34.4%、26.5%；棉隆熏蒸后短期轮作葱还显著降低了根系及叶片中MDA含量，提高了根系抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性，两者联用处理的平邑甜茶幼苗净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Gi）等较棉隆熏蒸也有显著提高。因此，棉隆熏蒸后短期轮作葱能有效防控苹果连作障碍。

Effects of Dazomet Fumigation and Short-time Allium fistulosum Rotation on the Growth and Physiology of Malus hupehensis

In order to provide basis for preventing and controlling apple replant disease（ARD），the Malus hupehensis Rehd.，which was planted in an Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation under pot condition，was tested to study the growth of seedlings in continuous 2 years. The results showed that，dazomet fumigation and Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation can significantly promote the growth of the Malus hupehensis Rehd.，but the Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation is the best. In July 2016，compared with dazomet fumigation，the plant height，stem diameter，fresh weight，dry weight and root respiration rate of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings with a Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation were increased by 34.5%，19.5%，30.0%，22.6% and 21.3%. Those indices were improved 29.9%，28.4%，35.0%，34.4% and 26.5% in July 2017. Under Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation treatment，the root activity and the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD），catalase（CAT）increased. The contents of MDA in root and leaf decreased，respectively. Treatment with Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation also increased Pn，Tr，Gs and Gi of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedling leaves. The treatment with a short time Allium fistulosum rotation after dazomet fumigation promoted the growth of M. hupeheusis Rehd.，and had the better function in prevention and control of ARD than that of dazomet fumigation，therefore，it could be an effective measure to reduce ARD.