基于晚疫病菌效应子识别策略挖掘马铃薯潜在抗病基因资源

为探索利用晚疫病菌效应子识别策略快速挖掘具有潜在抗晚疫病基因的马铃薯资源，挑选了晚疫病菌侵染马铃薯时早期上调表达的68个RXLR类效应子基因，将它们分别克隆到PVX病毒植物表达载体pGR106上，采用农杆菌牙签穿刺方法，在55份不同基因型的马铃薯叶片上进行瞬时表达，根据过敏反应（Hypersensitive response，HR）发生与否来推断马铃薯中是否存在潜在抗病基因。结果表明，10个效应子基因，包括无毒基因AVR2家族成员PITG_23008，细胞死亡激发子PexRD2、无毒基因PexRD39（AVRblb2），以及其它未知功能效应子基因Pex147-2、PexRD8、PexRD49、PITG_10232、PITG_11484、PITG_07555和PITG_22724，能够在10份马铃薯材料上诱导HR，预示这些马铃薯材料中具有潜在抗病基因。另外，离体叶片晚疫病菌接种鉴定表明，识别6个晚疫病菌效应子的马铃薯材料IVP196-2比识别3个效应子的马铃薯材料HJT349-3抗病性更强。

Exploration of Potential Potato Late-blight Resistance Germplasms Using Phytophthora infestans Effectoromics Strategy

To accelerate the mining of potato germplasm with late blight resistance，the effectoromics strategy was used in this study. Sixty eight Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector genes that up-regulated early during infection stage were selected for recognition assay. These effector genes were cloned into the plant expression vector pGR106 and transiently expressed in leaves of 55 potato genotypes using toothpick inoculation with Agrobacterium cultures. Ten RXLR effector genes，including Pi23008（an AVR2 family number），RD39（AVRblb2），RD2（a cell death inducer），and other unknown function effector genes （Pex147-2，PexRD8，PexRD49，PITG_10232，PITG_11484，PITG_07555 and PITG_22724），could induce the hypersensitive response（HR）on leaves of a total of 10 potato genotypes，suggesting that these potato materials potentially carry R genes corresponding to particular effectors. In addition，the potato material IVP196-2 that could recognize 6 RXLR effectors，showed a higher level of late-blight resistance when compared to HJT349-3，which could only recognize 3 effectors.