伞形花内酯处理对美味猕猴桃果实品质和青霉病抗性的影响

通过体外试验，研究伞形花内酯对扩展青霉（Penicillium expansum）生长的影响；同时以美味猕猴桃‘布鲁诺’（Actinidia deliciosa‘Bruno’）为材料，研究0.5 mg · mL-1伞形花内酯处理对猕猴桃果实品质和腐烂率，以及果实损伤接种P. expansum后病斑直径和抗病相关酶活性及其基因表达的影响。结果表明，伞形花内酯能够有效抑制P. expansum孢子萌发和菌落生长（体外）；延缓猕猴桃果实可滴定酸和维生素C下降，以及可溶性固形物含量上升，降低果实的腐烂率；降低贮藏后期果实损伤接种P. expansum后病斑直径，延缓棒曲霉素的积累，提高果肉几丁质酶（CHT）、β–1,3–葡聚糖酶（GLU）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）的活性，以及编码这些酶的基因相对表达量。结果表明伞形花内酯处理有助于保持猕猴桃采后果实品质，并诱导提高果实对青霉病的抗性。

Effects of Umbelliferone Treatment on Quality and Disease Resistance to Penicillium expansum in Kiwifruit During Storage

The effects of umbelliferone on controlling Penicillium expansum growth（in vitro）and on regulating the quality and disease resistance to P. expansum in kiwifruit（Actinidia deliciosa‘Bruno’）were investigated. The results showed that，as compared with control，the spore germination and colony diameter of P. expansum were significantly reduced on potato dextrose broth（PDB）or potato dextrose agar（PDA）containing 0.5 or 1.0 mg · mL-1 umbelliferone. Moreover，0.5 mg · mL-1 umbelliferone treatment slowed the decreases in titratable acid（TA）and vitamin C content，and the increase in soluble solid content（SSC），and reduced the natural decay incidence of kiwifruit during storage. Also，0.5 mg · mL-1 umbelliferone treatment significantly inhibited the progress of rot and patulin accumulation caused by P. expansum，and induced increases in the activities of chitinase（CHT），β-1,3-glucanase（GLU），phenylalanine ammonialyase（PAL），and up-regulated the expression of these defense-related enzymes in kiwifruit after inoculation of P. expansum suspension. Thus，it was suggested that the umbelliferone treatment could benefit the fruit quality and improved the disease resistance in kiwifruit against P. expansum during postharvest.