小麦冠层叶片性状配合力与环境互作分析

为了研究小麦冠层叶片性状的配合力与环境互作．随机选用7个亲本．连续3年组配成21个双列杂交组合进行试验。结果表明．旗叶的开张角、长、宽、叶鞘长和倒二叶的宽、叶鞘长的一般配合力与环境互作显著,冠层各叶片性状的特殊配合力与环境互作均显著;各叶角性状和旗叶鞘长以加性效应为主;叶长和倒二叶鞘长环境效应作用最大．加性效应次之;叶宽环境效应作用最大。各性状的一般配合力都具有较高的稳定程度．而特殊配合力的稳定程度相对较低。最后讨论了配合力的测度和冠层叶片性状遗传改良的亲本选配与后代选择的原则。

Analysis on the Interactions of Combining Ability with Environment for the Canopy Leaf Characters in Common Wheat

In order to study the interactions of combining ability with environment for the canopy leaf characters in common wheat, the experiment was conducted in a set of diallel cross involving 7 random parents in three years. The results showed that interactions of general combining ability with environment on open angle, length, width, sheath length of flag leaf and width, sheath length of top 2nd leaf and interactions of special combining ability with environment on all canopy leaf characters were significant. All leaf angle traits and flag leaf sheath length mainly controlled by additive genetic effect. Environment effect was first and additive genetic effect was (second) for leaf length and top 2nd leaf sheath length. Environment effect was highest for leaf width. Stability were higher for general (combining) ability and stability were lower for special combining ability. (Estimation) of combining ability and the principles of selecting parents for crossing and their offspring selection to improve the canopy leaf characters were discussed.