越冬前北京和云南葡萄溃疡病组织内相关真菌的鉴定

为了解我国不同地区在冬季修剪窗口期葡萄枝干组织中与葡萄溃疡病相关的病原微生物的种类,探索葡萄溃疡病组织中病原微生物的年周期变化,从栽培和植保角度制定防控措施,采用微生物分离、生物学特性观察,以及ITS测序的方法,对北京和云南葡萄溃疡病组织内相关真菌进行分离和鉴定。从北京的材料中分离鉴定出5种真菌:45.0%葡萄座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria),30.0%镰刀菌属(Fusarium),15.0%刺盘孢属(Colletotrichum),7.5%木霉属(Trichoderma),2.5%茎点霉属(Phoma);从云南的材料中分离鉴定出7种真菌,32.0%茎点霉(Phoma),27.0%壳囊孢属(Cytospora),14.0%拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis),14.0%葡萄座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria),4.5%附球菌属(Epicoccum),4.5%镰刀菌(Fusarium),4.5%链格孢属(Alternaria)。研究结果首次揭示出北京和云南葡萄越冬前溃疡病组织具有多种植物病原微生物共同存在的特征及主要相关真菌的种类。

Identification of associated fungi in pre-overwintering grapevine canker tissues from Beijing and Yunnan

This paper is concerned on the plant pathogens associated with grapevine cane and trunk disease during the window time of winter pruning.The aims were to understand the seasonal change of pathogen population in the cankered tissues,and take the disease control measures.We isolated and identified fungi associated with the cankered tissue sampled from trunk and arm of pre-overwintering grapevines in Beijing and Yunnan.The isolates were identified by biological characteristic observation and ITS sequencing.Five fungi,45% Botryosphaeria,30% Fusarium,15% Colletotrichum,7.5% Trichoderma,2.5% Phoma, were from the materials of Beijing:seven from Yunnan materials,such as 32% Phoma,27% Cytospora,14% Phomopsis,14% Botryosphaeria,4.5% Cytospora,4.5% Fusarium,4.5% Alternaria.It was the the first timeto reveal the multi-pathogen existing character of cankered tissues from Beijing and Yunnan grapevines and main species of the fungi.