益生菌在犊牛生产中的应用

益生菌具有无毒副作用、无耐药性和无残留等优点,不但受到研究者们的广泛关注,并且被大量应用于动物生产实践中,具有非常大的发展前景。幼龄阶段是肉牛生长非常重要的生理时期,此时犊牛的消化道微生物刚刚生长繁殖,而该期间有外源微生物进入到犊牛胃肠道中,就会在胃肠道中定植并形成特定的微生物区系。故在该时期的犊牛饲粮中添加益生菌,就会在犊牛的消化系统中建立有利于其生长的优势菌群,对犊牛的生长发育起到促进的作用。在简要介绍益生菌的定义及分类、犊牛的生长发育特点基础上,结合益生菌在反刍动物消化道中的作用机制的研究成果,就近年来益生菌在犊牛生产中的应用做一综述。

Application of Probiotics in Calf Production

The probiotics are attracting increasing attention from researchers and are widely used in animal production. The application of probiotics in food animals has no toxic side effects, no drug resistance and no residue, indicating that it has a great prospect of development. Young stage is a very important physiological period for beef cattle growth. At this stage, the microbes from colostrum and the exogenous microbes simultaneously colonize in the gastrointestinal tract of calf and form a specific microbial community. The supplementation of probiotics in calf diet facilitates the construction of the dominant microflora in digestive system, which is beneficial to the growth and development of calf. Here, we introduced the definition and classification of probiotics and the characteristics of growth and development of calf, summarized the research progress on the mechanism of action of probiotics in the digestive tract of ruminants, and reviewed the application of probiotics in calf production.