红掌切花的瓶插保鲜液研究（摘要）（英文）

目的]研究红掌切花的瓶插保鲜液,为红掌种植及筛选保鲜方法提供参考。方法]以红掌（Anthurium seherzerianum）中的常用切花品种‘热情’为试验材料,采用3种不同的瓶插液配方,处理①：2%二甲基琥珀酰肼＋1%8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐（HQS） ＋0.1%Ca（NO3）2＋5%蔗糖;处理②：5%蔗糖＋0.1 g/L明矾＋10 mg/L6-BA;处理③：4%蔗糖＋0.08% NaCl＋0.01%过磷酸钙＋0.01%中药杀菌剂（黄连的乙醇提取液） ＋0.1 mmol/LNaOH＋0.1 mmol/L柠檬酸＋10 mg/L6-BA。并与常用红掌保鲜配方（4%蔗糖＋50 mg/LAgNO3＋0.05 g/LNaPO4）进行对比,筛选最佳的红掌瓶插保鲜液。结果]试验中处理①的配方比较简单,不能很好地杀菌,处理②虽然含有一定的碳源和营养,也有杀菌剂,但组成较简单,仍不能很好地满足红掌切花采后各方面生理的需要,以配方③为最佳的瓶插保鲜液,保鲜期为23 d,比对照延长了13 d,观赏期达31 d,比对照延长了18 d,效果显著;且配方③明显地减少了红掌佛焰苞的水分丧失,有利于维持组织的含水量,降低细胞膜透性,抑制膜脂的过氧化作用,减少丙二醛含量的积累,提高了SOD的活性,提高了细胞保护酶的活性,增加了脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量,降低了呼吸速率。结论]4%蔗糖＋0.08% NaCl ＋0.01%过磷酸钙＋0.01%中药杀菌剂（黄连的乙醇提取液） ＋0.1 mmol/L NaOH＋0.1 mmol/L柠檬酸＋10mg/L6-BA配方达到了延长红掌佛焰苞保鲜期的目的。

Research on the Vase Preservative of Anthurium seherzerianum Cut Flowers

Objective] The research aimed to study the vase preservative of Anthurium seherzerianum cut flowers and provide reference for the planting and preservative method selection of A.seherzerianum.Method] Using Tropical＇s spathe,one kind of common cut blossoms of A.seherzerianum as experimental materials,three different formula of vase solutions were used.And it was compared with common preservative formula of A.seherzerianum to study the vase preserved liquid of A.seherzerianum.Result] Formula 3 was the optimum vase preservative,which was composed of 4% sucrose,0.08% NaCl,0.01% Ca（H2PO4）2·H2O,0.01% Chinese medicine antiseptic （ethonal extract from coptis）,0.1 mol/L NaOH,0.1 mol/L citric acid and 10 mg/L 6-BA.The preserved period reached 23 days,13 days longer than CK.The appreciative period reached 31 days,18 days longer than CK,with significant effects.In formula 3,water loss in A.seherzerianum spathe was decreased obviously,which was favorable for maintaining water content in tissues.The cell membrane permeability was reduced and the peroxidation of membrane ester was inhibited.The accumulation of MDA was decreased and SOD activity was increased.The protective enzyme activity of cells was enhanced and the content of proline and soluble sugar were increased and the respiration rate was reduced.Conclusion] The formula（4% sucrose ＋ 0.08% NaCl＋ 0.01% Ca（H2PO4）2＋0.01% Chinese medicine antiseptic（ethonal extract from coptis）＋ 0.1 mol/L NaOH＋0.1 mol/L citric acid and 10 mg/L 6-BA）achieved the purpose of prolonging the preservative period of A.seherzerianum spathe and prolonging the preservative period of A.seherzerianum effectively.