4种短体线虫形态及rDNA-ITS的PCR-RFLP鉴定

 短体线虫隶属于垫刃目(Tylenchida Thorne, 1949),垫刃亚目(Tylenchina Chitwood, 1950),短体科(Pratylenchidae Thorne, 1949),短体亚科(Pratylenchinae Thorne, 1949),短体线虫属(Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936),是一类重要的迁移性内寄生植物病原线虫 ^[1]。国内外已报道该属线虫百余种。其中我国已报道种类有P.alleni、 P.artemisiae、 P.coffeae、 P.crenatu、 P.cruciferus、 P.dioscoreae、 P.hexincisus、 P.loosi、 P.penetrans、 P.pratensi、 P.neglectus、 P.penetrans、 P.scribneri、 P.thornei、 P.varicaudatus、 P.vulnus及P.zeae 17种。近年来,随着世界各地贸易往来日益频繁,植物线虫的传播机会大大增加,我国口岸也先后从进境植物根围截获P.brachyurus、 P.neglectus、 P.zeae、 P.coffeae、 P.penetrans、 P.pinguicaudatus等。基于本类群线虫的重要性和国内以往的鉴定都主要单纯依据形态学特征,本研究结合形态学和rDNA的PCR-RFLP及序列分析技术对浙江和海南不同寄主上植物线虫调查时发现的4个短体线虫群体进行了鉴定。

Identification of four Pratylenchus species based on morphology and PCR-RFLP of rDNA-ITS

Morphological characters, PCR-RFLP and sequencing of rDNA ITS regions of four geographic populations from Zhejiang and Hainan in Pratylenchus were conducted. Four species, Pratylenchus coffeae, P. scribneri, P. vulnus and P. zeae, were identified. PCR products of rDNA-ITS were 1 248 bp, 1 127 bp, 915 bp and 904 bp respectively. RFLP digestion patterns varied in the four species. The combination of six enzymes, Alu Ⅰ, Cfo Ⅰ, Dde Ⅰ, Hind Ⅲ, Hpa Ⅱ and Pst Ⅰ, could be used effectively to identify this four Pratylenchus species. This is the first report of P. coffeae, P. scribneri and P. vulnus in Zhejiang province.