世界主要渔业国家水产品生产与贸易特征分析

渔业不仅为人类提供大量优质动物蛋白,同时还关乎世界数亿人口的收入和生计问题。借助FAO统计数据,对2000～2009年世界主要渔业国家水产品生产发展趋势进行了分析,得出以下结论:(1)总体而言,全球水产品产量呈现增长率下降、年均增长量上升、产量与贸易结构稳定的态势;(2)在水产品产量位居前15位的国家中,一半以上国家的产量仍呈现增长趋势,其中产量居前六位的国家约占世界水产品总量的比重超过50%;(3)从不同结构来看,海洋捕捞水生动物产量呈现下降趋势,而养殖产量则呈现上升趋势,按照水产品进出口数量与价值的对应关系,认为日本和德国属于进口均衡型国家,而中国、挪威和西班牙属于水产品出口均衡型国家。

Analysis on production and trade characteristics of aquatic products in major fishery countries

The fishery not only provides mankind with a large number of high-quality animal proteins, but also is a key source of income for hundreds of millions of people and livelihoods. Based on FAO statistics, this paper analyzed the development trends of aquatic products in major fishery countries from 2000 to 2009, the main conclusions were as follows： （1） overall, the trends of aquatic products showed that the growth rate slowed down, average annual growth rose, and production and trade structure remained stable; （2） the aquatic products showed a growth trend in more than half of the top 15 countries, and the proportion of aquatic products in the first six countries was more than 50% ; （3） in different structures, marine fishing showed a downward trend, aquaculture was going up, and according to the relations between aquatic products and value in trade, Japan and Germany were classified as import balanced countries, China, Norway and Spain belonged to the export balanced country.