生物可降解地膜对马铃薯生长及水分利用效率的影响

为研究旱作条件下生物降解地膜对马铃薯生长及水分利用效率的影响，以‘紫花白’作为试验材料，设置裸地(CK)、聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜5种覆盖材料来研究生物可降解地膜对马铃薯耕层土壤温度、土壤含水量以及产量的影响。结果表明，与传统裸地(CK)相比，聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜4种覆盖材料处理下耕层土壤(0~ 25 cm)日平均温度提高2.02、1.67、1.40、1.47℃；各覆盖材料均可提高土壤含水量，聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜覆盖耕层土壤(0~25 cm)平均含水量提高3.12%、2.00%、1.92%、2.48%；各覆盖材料较对照马铃薯块茎产量增加6.25%、21.18%、17.07%、31.71%。试验结果表明，生物可降解地膜覆盖可以提高土层的温度、土壤含水率以及马铃薯产量，在不同覆盖方式中，生物可降解B膜覆盖效果最好。

Influence of Biodegradable Mulch on Water Use Efficiency and Growth of Dryland Potato

To study the influence of biodegradable mulch on potato growth and water use efficiency under dry conditions, ‘Zihuabai’ was used as experimental material, five covering including the bare land (CK), polyethylene plastic film covering, biodegradable A film, corn straw and biodegradable B film were set to study the effects of ecological film on soil temperature, soil water use efficiency and the yield of potato. The results showed that: compared with that of traditional bare land (CK), the average temperature of top soil (0-25 cm) of polyethylene plastic film, biodegradable A film, corn straw, biodegradable B film increased by 2.02, 1.67, 1.40 and 1.47℃, respectively; all the mulching materials could improve soil moisture content, under polyethylene plastic film, biodegradable A film, corn straw, biodegradable B film, the water moisture content increased by 3.12%, 2.00%, 1.92% and 2.48%, respectively. Compared with that of bare land, the tuber yield of polyethylene plastic film, biodegradable A film, corn straw and biodegradable B film increased by 6.25%, 21.18%, 17.07%, 31.71%. These results suggested that the biodegradable membrane mulching could improve soil temperature, soil moisture content and the yield of potato, biodegradable B film performed the best among different ways of mulching.