利用荚果厚度与粒重估计大豆鼓粒速率的研究

大豆鼓粒阶段是决定大豆产量的重要阶段,鼓粒速率可以利用粒重和荚果厚度与花后天数的关系进行模拟估计。田间分别种植3个粒重差异较大的大豆材料(中黄37,秦豆10号和JTN-5503),通过花期标记,利用不同取样方式(定位和随机),连续测定大豆粒重和荚果厚度,拟合其与花后天数的动态变化。结果显示:(1)线性函数和二次多项式函数可以有效模拟大豆鲜(干)重和荚果厚度与花后天数之间的关系;(2)与籽粒鲜重表示的鼓粒速率比较,籽粒干重增速估值偏高,而基于荚果厚度的估值偏低;(3)不同材料间的荚果平均增厚速率存在差异,但不同材料的初始速率估值差异不大;(4)荚果厚度定位测定的试验误差最小。因此,荚果厚度定位连续测定法可用于大豆鼓粒速率的度量,其结果与籽粒重表示的鼓粒速率有较好的一致性。

Estimates of Seed Filling Rate Based on Dynamics of Pod Thickness and Seed Weight in Soybean

Seed filling process is important for soybean yielding,and seed filling rate can be estimated through simulation of seed weight and pod thickness against days after flowering(DAF).Three soybean lines,Zhonghuang 37,Qindou 10 and JTN-5503,were served as materials and planted in field.Pod thickness and seed dry/fresh weight were measured continuously by means of random sampling and fixed positioning.The results showed that,(i) Soybean seed dry/fresh weight and pod thickness were modulated by a linear or quadratic polynomial functions of DAF.(ii) Compared with seed filling rate estimated by seed fresh weight,the average seed filling rate was overestimated by seed dry weight and underestimated by pod thickness.(iii) The average rate of pod thickness was genotype-dependent,but the initial rates of pod thickness were similar among different soybeans.(iv)The measurement of fixed pod thickness had the lowest level of experimental error.In conclusion,pod thickness is a potential non-destructive indicator to measure soybean seed-filling rate,which shares the similar result with seed weight.