安庆黄大湖防洪与减灾的对策分析

自20世纪90年代以来黄大湖区水灾不断.与50年代相比,雨情偏大、水情恶化、灾情放大.究其原因是由于黄大湖蓄洪调洪功能的脆弱性.采用遥感图像和相关资料数据研究黄大湖的地质历史、气候、水文和地形特征,分析黄大湖的水域动态变化和主要存在问题,指出泥沙淤积和围湖造田是湖域萎缩的主要原因.针对这一症结,讨论了减少水灾的对策和措施:(1)加强江湖关系研究,完善湖区防洪水利建设规划;(2)充分发挥与龙感湖、泊湖的相通优势;(3)建立水情自动预报系统;(4)正确处理蓄洪与建设、河道疏浚以及河道行洪能力关系.从发展渔业和旅游业使湖区的生态环境和资源利用得到最优化的利用角度,探讨了黄大湖的经济效益.

Analysis of Prevention and Reducing Flood-Water Disaster in Lake Huangdahu of Anqing, Anhui Province

Since 1990s, the Huangda Lake often suffers from flood water. Compared with the floods in 1950s,its precipitation in 1990s is larger, and the disaster area has broaden, which owns to low ability of storing and regulating floodwater in Huangda Lake. The remote sensing imagery and some related data can give analysis about the geological history, climate, hydrology and the topographical features of Huangda Lake, as well as the variations of the waters and some main problems. They can also make out that the silt and reclaiming land from the lake are the major reasons of the reducing of the water area. The paper proposes some measures to reduce the damage degree caused by flood, that is to strengthen the study of lake, improve the water conservancy facilities and to bring its advantage of linking Longgan Lake and Po Lake into play. The author suggests setting up an automatic system to forecast the water. Based on sustainable development, the paper puts forward some measures of developing fishery and tourist trade.