重庆市合川区土地利用变化及生态环境效应评价

以2000—2009年的土地利用数据为基础,运用土地利用动态度、景观格局指数和生态系统服务价值系数,分析了重庆市合川区土地利用时空变化及其景观格局和生态环境效应。研究结果表明,2000—2009年,研究区土地利用变化主要表现为耕地和园地面积的大量减少和林地及建设用地面积的快速增加;其中耕地、园地面积分别减少了8.25%和11.50%,而林地、居民点及工矿用地、交通水利用地面积分别增加了42.17%,16.88%和22.25%。景观格局呈现斑块数目减少,斑块密度降低,破碎度和优势度下降,多样性和均匀度增加的特征。区域生态系统服务总价值由19 713.46万元增加到20 462.07万元,生态系统服务功能在水分调节,废物处理和食物生产功能等方面有所下降,而在气体调节,气候调节,侵蚀控制,土壤形成,生物多样性,原材料提供和娱乐文化等方面的生态系统服务功能有所增强。

Assessment on Land Use Changes and Associated Ecological Effects in Hechuan District of Chongqing City

Based on the land use data of Hechuan District collected during 2000—2009,the effects of land use changes on ecosystem service values and landscape patterns were studied.The results indicate that the areas of agricultural land and garden land decreased substantially,and in contrast,the areas of construction land and woodland increased rapidly.Meanwhile,the landscape pattern analysis showed that the patch numbers and density were lowered,the degrees of fragmentation and dominance of the landscape were dropped,and the index of diversity and evenness increased during this period.In addition,the total regional ecosystem service values grew from 197 134.6 to 204 620.7 thousand Yuan.The ecosystem service function values dropped slightly in the functions of water regulation,waste treatment and food production,while the functions such as atmosphere regulation,climate regulation,erosion control,soil formation,biodiversity,raw materials,and entertainment,showed significant improvement.