五台山森林群落中物种多样性对旅游干扰的生态响应

在对五台山森林植被进行分类的基础上,利用丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数,研究了不同森林群落中物种多样性对旅游干扰的生态响应。结果表明:(1)各项指数与群落类型有关,群落物种数量越多,其丰富度较大;群落结构越复杂,层次越分明,其多样性指数越大。同时,各项指数与群落发展的限制因素有关,干扰区群落多样性主要受旅游的影响,非干扰区群落多样性主要受海拔等自然条件的影响。(2)干扰区森林群落随着旅游影响的增大,除Simpson指数外,其它指数都呈现下降的趋势。非干扰区森林群落随着海拔高度的增加,除Simpson指数和Alatalo指数外,其它指数都呈下降的趋势。

Study on the Ecological Response of Species Diversity to Tourism Disturbance in Forest Communities in Wutai Mountains

Based on the classification of forest vegetation in Wutai Mountains,the ecological response of species diversity to tourism disturbance was studied in terms of richness,evenness and diversity indices.The results showed that:(1) the different indices was related to community types,and the more the number of species were,the more the richness were in the communities,the more complex the construction was,the clearer the layers were,the more the diversity were;on the other hand,those of different indices were related to the limited elements;biodiversity was affected mainly by tourism activities in the disturbance area,and by the physical condition in the non-disturbance area,such as elevation;(2) except for Simpson index,the other indices decreased with increase of tourism impact in the disturbance area.At the same time,except for Simpson index and Alatalo index,the other indices decreased with the elevation in the non-disturbance area.