毕节石桥小流域水土保持综合治理生态监测与效益评价

为及时准确地了解喀斯特生态环境的质量状况和变化原因,调控生态环境保护措施,避免其进一步恶化,选择毕节石漠化综合治理区——毕节石桥小流域进行4a的连续生态监测,分析实施水土保持措施的综合治理费用及其所带来的经济、生态和社会效益。监测结果表明:水土保持措施实施后,土壤肥力增加,土壤结构得到改良,林草植被覆盖度提高,局地小气候得到改善。土壤侵蚀深度减小,水土流失得到有效控制,生态系统功能发挥效应,经济效益为2 215.2万元,生态效益为3 452.53万元,社会效益显著。对毕节石桥小流域水土保持效益分析表明,在喀斯特地区实施综合治理取得了经济、生态和社会三方面效益的统一,实现了流域生态良性循环,水土保持治理综合效益非常显著,项目切实可行。

Ecological Monitoring and the Evaluation on the Benefits of Comprehensive Management for Soil and Water Conservation in Shiqiao Watershed of Bijie City,Guizhou Province

In order to find out the quality and changing causes of karst ecological environment,and regulate protective measures that prevent it further deterioration,integrated management of desertification in Bijie City was choosed to monitor the ecological benefits.In Shiqiao watershed of Bijie City,ecological monitoring has carried out four years.The results showed that the soil fertility,soil structure,vegetation coverage and microclimate had been improved after comprehensive control for soil and water conservation.Meanwhile,soil erosion was effectively controlled because of ecosystem functions playing its positive effect,and economic profit of 22.15 million Yuan and ecological benefits of 34.52 million Yuan were obtained,respectively.The benefit analysis showed that the integration of economic benefit,ecological benefit and social benefit were realized and watershed virtuous ecological circle was achieved.We can finally gain a conclusion that the comprehensive benefit of management for soil and water conservation is highly significant and project is feasible.