人工降雨模型试验研究降雨入渗对滑坡类型之影响

台湾属海岛型气候，因而年雨量丰沛，降雨时间与空间的不均匀，对台湾大量的山坡地造成威胁。该研究系利用人工降雨系统，配合土壤模型试体探讨强降雨下滑坡破坏型态与坡体饱和度之关系，以对各种边坡稳定、边坡破坏获得更进一步的了解。研究结果得知边坡滑动主要发生在坡体趋近稳定饱和时，而坡面冲蚀则受土壤饱和度影响较小。土壤渗透率与降雨强度之关系亦影响着坡面破坏型态，降雨强度远大于土壤渗透系数时，其破坏型态以浅层滑动为主；降雨强度近似于土壤土壤渗透系数时，则主要为较深层滑动；若降雨强度小于土壤临界入渗率时，则主要为表面冲蚀破坏。

Slope Failure Mode Related to Soil Infiltration-Laboratory Rainfall Model Test

Taiwan,an island climate with abundant annual rainfall,hillside resident is threaten by inducing landslide from the violent variation of rainfall on time and spatial distribution.This study performs the landslide model test to study the landslide mode related to slope saturation increased by high intensity rainfall.Results showed that slope sliding occurred mainly in the period of the soil closer to high saturation,oppositely,slope erosion is less affected by soil saturation.Soil permeability and rainfall intensity also affect the slope failure mode,the failure mode is mainly shallow sliding as the rainfall intensity much greater than soil permeability;the deeper sliding is mainly for the case of rainfall intensity much greater than soil permeability;last,the surface runoff erosion is usually for the rainfall intensity much lower than soil permeability.