五台山旅游对植被影响测量方法的比较

研究旅游对植被影响的测量方法对于评价景区生态环境质量具有重要的意义。目前主要有两种不同的方法。第1种方法是利用传统生态学上植物的重要值来计量;第2种方法是利用景观重要值、物种多样性、群落结构比、耐阴种比值、伴人种比值和旅游影响系数来测量。以五台山为例,采用TWINSPAN和DCA对这两种测量方法进行了比较,它们的结果反映了不同的生态信息。在TWINSPAN中,第1种方法的结果主要反映了不同种群和群落的生态特性;第2种方法的结果主要反映了旅游开发与植被景观之间的生态关系。在DCA中,第1种方法的结果主要反映了不同植物群落类型与自然地理因子之间的生态关系以及不同类型之间的空间格局;第2种方法的结果主要反映了旅游干扰下不同植被景观类型的格局规律。与第1种方法相比,第2种方法在旅游与植被的研究方面则更为合理和科学。

Comparison of the Calculation Methods on the Impact of Tourism on Vegetation in Wutai Mountains

It is very important for the quality of ecological environment in scenic spot to study the calculating methods for the impact of tourism on vegetation.Nowadays,there are two different ways.The first way is to use species importance value in traditional ecology,and the second is to use landscape importance value,biodiversity,the ratio of community structure,shade-tolerant species proportion,the proportion of species companying with human and tourism influencing index.These two ways were compared by TWINSPAN and DCA in Wutai Mountains,and their results show different ecological information.In TWINSPAN,the result of the first way mainly showed the ecological characteristics of different populations and communities,whereas that of the second way reflected the ecological relationship between tourism development and vegetation landscapes.In DCA,the result of the first way showed the ecological relationship between plant communities and physical geography,and the spatial pattern among different types,whereas that of the second way reflected the pattern rule of different vegetation landscapes under tourism disturbance.Compared with the first way,the second way is more reasonable and scientific with regard to the impact of tourism on vegetation.