红透山铜矿尾矿库重金属剖面分布特征

对红透山铜矿尾矿剖面0—255 cm以15 cm间隔进行分层取样，并采用pH计法测定剖面各层样品的pH值，等离子发射光谱仪（IC—OES）测定重金属Cu，Zn，Cd，Cr，Pb全量及酸可提取态的含量。结果表明:各层尾矿的pH值为3.52～7.23，并随深度的增加而升高；尾矿层0—150 cm的pH值较低，有利于重金属元素的迁移。重金属Cu，Zn，Cd为尾矿中主要污染元素，Cu，Zn，Cd，Cr，Pb全量在尾矿层0—60 cm深度范围变化波动较大，特别是在0—15 cm有较大程度减少，与雨水淋滤和表层径流有关。酸可提取态重金属含量在0—60 cm波动最大；0—15 cm含量很低，但在30—60 cm尾矿层出现大量富集，与尾矿层pH值较低以及水分运移活跃有关。研究结论可为尾矿库污染控制措施提供依据。

Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in the Profile at the Tailings Pond of Hongtoushan Copper Mine

The samples were taken at each layer at 15 cm interval in the profile of 0—255 cm depth at the tailings pond of Hongtoushan copper mine.The pH values of the samples were determined by pH meter,and the total and acid extractable contents of the heavy metals of Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr,and Pb were determined by ICP-OES.Results showed that: the pH values of the tailings were between 3.52 and 7.23,which rose with increase of depth;the pH value of 0—150 cm was lower,which could cause migration of the heavy metal elements.Cu,Zn,and Cd were the main pollution elements;the total contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr,and Pb varied more in the depth of 0—60 cm;especially in 0—15 cm,there was a great reduction,which was relevant to the rain leaching and surface runoff.The acid extractable contents of the heavy metals had the most greatly variation in 0—60 cm;in the depth of 0—15 cm,the contents were very low,while they had a massive enrichment in 30—60 cm,which was relevant to low pH and active water movement.The results can help to make pollution control measures of the copper tailings pond.