猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗研究现状

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是一种对养猪业危害严重的传染病,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)为有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒,且具有高度的变异性,有美洲型和欧洲型两个血清型。猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAM)、恒河猴胎肾细胞系MA-104及源于MA-104的传代细胞系(如Marc-145、CL-2621、HS.2H和CRL-1171)对PRRSV敏感。预防该病的常规疫苗有灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗两种。通常以特定种毒在适当细胞系中培养增殖,经灭活或致弱,加入佐剂制得相应疫苗。灭活疫苗交叉保护性差,但使用安全;弱毒疫苗抗体产生快、持续时间长、保护力强,但源毒能在猪群中持续存在而有安全隐患。

Advance in Development of Traditional Vaccines against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) is a new infectious disease with serious harm to the swine industry.PRRSV is a kind of enveloped positive-strand RNA virus.The virus has high rates of mutation and is divided into two serotypes-America strain and Europe strain.Porcine alveolar macrophages(PAM),Macaca rhesus embryo kidney cell lines MA-104 and continuous cell lines cloned from MA-104 such as Marc-145,CL2621,HS.2H and CRL1171 are sensitive to PRRSV.Inactivated vaccines and attenuated vaccines have been developed to prevent the disease.Usually,the specific PRRSV were reproduced in proper cell lines and then the vaccines were got through inactivated or weakened.The inactivated vaccines have poor cross protection but can be used safely.The attenuated vaccines can induce organism produce antibody quickly and last protection for a long time.However,the virus will persist in the vaccinated swine herd resulted in poor safety.