不同氮、磷、钾肥配施对辽单565光合特性和产量的影响

以耐密型玉米辽单565为试验材料,研究不同氮、磷、钾肥配施对其光合特性和产量的影响。结果表明,氮肥试验中,辽单565穗上叶和穗位叶叶面积、穗位叶和穗下叶光合速率均以施氮量为135 kg/hm2时达到较高值,叶面积指数较高,穗位层叶片消光系数较小,产量较高;磷肥试验中,辽单565穗上叶和穗位叶叶面积、穗下叶光合速率均以施磷量为120 kg/hm2时达到较高值,穗位层叶片消光系数较小,产量较高;钾肥试验中,辽单565穗上叶光合速率和穗下叶叶面积均以施钾量为90 kg/hm2时处理较高,穗位层叶片消光系数较小,产量较高。不同氮、磷、钾肥配施试验中,以施氮量180 kg/hm2、施磷量75 kg/hm2、施钾量为90 kg/hm2时辽单565的产量最高。相关分析表明,穗上叶和穗位叶叶面积、穗下叶光合速率与产量均呈极显著正相关,穗位层消光系数与产量呈负相关。

Effects of Different Fertilizers on Photosynthetic Characters and Yield of Maize Hybrid Liaodan565

Maize brown spot caused by Physoderma maydis is increasing serious and has been a main disease of maize in recent years. Epidemic regularity of maize brown spot was studied in three consecutive annual from 2007 to 2009 in Jidong zone and resistance to GEM germ plasm resource of maize, total of 57, was identified in the fields. The result showed that rainfall in July is an important factor to affect brown spot epidemic dynamics. The relation between rainfall and disease index of brown spot could be simulated by Logistic models. The maize joint stage when accumulated rainfall to 247.7 mm after infection was the best control condition for the disease. And the 37 immune materials, accounted for 64.91% in total, 8 resisted materials, 14.03% to maize brown spot were identified.