小型蔬菜移栽机的改进设计与试验

为满足蔬菜移栽机械化需要，在土槽蔬菜移栽试验基础上，对水稻插秧机改进设计，应用优化设计方法和虚拟技术相结合，完成了取投苗机构、划刀式开沟器和V型覆土镇压器有机组合，可以一次完成开沟，送苗入沟，扶正，覆土，压实等工序。通过三因素三水平的正交试验，获得较优参数组合，即机车前进速度为0.25～0.30 m/s，投苗筒垂直倾角为12°，镇压器的相对位置为10 mm时，移栽效果优异。经田间试验测试，该机具结构简单，通用性好，作业适应性强，各项作业性能指标完全符合农艺要求，为小型全自动移栽机的设计提供参考。

Improved design and experiments of small-size vegetable transplanter

For developing vegetable transplanting mechanization, based on the indoor soil bin test, a vegetable transplanter with functions of trenching, seedlings delivery, righting, covering and compacting was designed. The design of seedling delivery mechanism, the curved runner furrow opener and the V-type compactor was completed for better transplanting effects by the virtual prototype technology and optimum design method. Structure parameters of the transplanter were optimized by orthogonal experiments, which included that the velocity was 0.25-0.30 m/s, the vertical angle of send seedlings tube was 12°, and the relative position of compactor was 10 mm. The field experiments showed that the machine had simple structure, good adaptability and its performance could better meet agriculture technique requirements. It can provide theoretical basis for the design of auto transplanters.