建筑污染源的源作用与汇效应特征数值分析

基于室内建筑污染的源作用与汇效应机理，并结合数值方法分析了源作用与汇效应在室内空气环境所对应的实际边界条件下的特征，所选择的反映实际边界条件的因素包括入室新风品质、新风量大小、室内温度水平以及汇与源作用面积比.研究结果表明，入室新风品质降低和新风量增大对材料散发强度与汇效应作用强度具有相反影响，但前者会使室内挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）平均浓度水平增大而后者会使其减小；同时，室内温度水平对材料散发强度和室内VOCs平均浓度水平的影响以及汇与源作用面积比对汇效应作用强度和室内VOCs平均浓度水平的影响具有同向性.此外，根据已建立的源散发模型和汇效应模型再结合实际边界条件是获取室内建筑污染源作用与汇效应特征的有效方法.

Numerical Analysis of Source Emission and Sink Effect Characteristics for Indoor Air Pollution Caused by Building Material

Based on the actual boundary conditions of indoor air environment, the characteristics of indoor source (VOCs) emission and sink effect were analyzed on the basis of the mechanism of building material emission and indoor surface sink behaviors in combination with CFD method. The selected factors reflecting indoor actual boundary conditions included the outdoor air quality of inlet, outdoor airflow, indoor air temperature and the area ratio of sink to source. The results have shown that the decline of inlet outdoor air quality and the increasing of outdoor airflow have opposite influence on indoor VOCs emission intensity and sink intensity, but the former may cause the mean concentration of indoor VOCs to rise and the latter may make it descend. Meanwhile, the impact of indoor air temperature on indoor VOCs emission intensity and that on indoor VOCs mean concentration have similar characteristics. This is also true of the effect of sink to source area ratio on indoor VOCs sink intensity and that on indoor VOCs mean concentration. In addition, it is an effective way to obtain the characteristics of indoor source emission and sink effect with the established source emission model, the sink model and the indoor actual boundary conditions.