载荷映射方法及其在模具结构优化中的应用

针对金属薄板冲压成形过程中成形力在板料与模具之间传递的关系，提出一种不同类型网格之间的载荷映射计算方法.该方法通过映射单元的精确定位,在板料壳单元与模具实体的四面体单元之间建立了一种对应关系，构建板料单元节点上的成形力与模具网格之间载荷映射的关系模型，从而得到模具表面精确的载荷分布.实例研究将该方法应用于模具结构的优化中，在精确计算模具各部分所受载荷的基础上进行结构优化，得到了满足强度要求的优化结构模型，实现了模具的轻量化.实例计算与应用表明该方法是正确有 效的.

A Load Mapping Method and Its Application in Mold Structural Optimization Design

In order to analyze and optimize the structure of stamping mold, a new load mapping method was proposed for the precise calculation of the load acting on the mold surface. The new method established an accurate load mapping model between the forming force on the triangular element of the deformed sheet metal and the load on the tetrahedron element of the stamping mold after accurately setting a new mapping direction and positioning the different elements. Then the load distribution on the surface of the mold was obtained. A case study applied the loads obtained to a stamping mold design and analysis, and a topology optimization was performed by using the software OptiStruct. Compared with traditional designs, the optimized mold structure can improve the stiffness and strength of the forming mold significantly, and reduce mold weight dramatically. It shows that the method established is feasible and can also be applied to other parts of the stamping mold.