4个枫香家系在不同环境下的叶色变化

目的]对不同遗传材料在不同环境条件下叶片色素含量变化及其呈色响应开展试验研究,从生理生化角度探寻影响秋季枫香叶片呈色的关键因素,为枫香叶色改良、新品种选育和应用环境选择提供理论依据。方法]以4个不同家系的1年生枫香幼苗为试材,测定其在不同环境下叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花青素和可溶性糖含量并分析其相关性。结果]结果表明:试验期间,枫香叶片逐渐由绿色变成红色、深红色。同时4个家系叶色变化差异显著,其中17号家系叶片主要为深红色,14号家系叶片颜色以黄绿色为主。叶片中的叶绿素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量变化呈下降趋势,特别在平均温度最低、平均昼夜温差大的3号试验点下降幅度最大。4个家系叶片花青素含量显著升高。同时4个家系叶片可溶性糖含量在各试验点均较试验前有不同程度增加。相关分析表明花青素含量与可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关,与叶绿素含量、平均温度和平均呈显著负相关。多因素方差分析表明家系和不同环境对叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花青素、可溶性糖和叶片红色面积比例变化产生极显著影响(p0.01)。结论]不同家系枫香叶片颜色在不同环境下有不同的变化趋势,同一环境下不同枫香家系叶片变化也显著不同,温度变化的差异和枫香叶片色素比例的改变是导致其颜色改变的主要原因。

Change of Leaf Color of Four Liquidambar formosana Families under Different Environmental Conditions

Objective] To investigated the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of leaf colorization of four Liquidambar formosana families under different environmental conditions in order to provide guidance for the breeding of L. formosana. Method] The change of the chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin and soluble sugar content in L. formosana leaf were assessed. The relationship between meteorological factors and the contents was also discussed. Result] The results showed that the leaf of L. formosana was gradually changed from green to red or dark red during the experiment. In addition, the change of leaf color of 4 L. formosana families showed significant difference. Some was dark red, whereas, another was yellow green. The chlorophyll content of L. formosana decreased during the experiment in a whole. The changing trend of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid were similar to the total chlorophyll content. The anthocyanin content increased significantly. The content of soluble sugar in L. formosana increased to different degrees. Correlation analysis showed that the anthocyanin content was positive correlated to the soluble sugar content. However, the anthocyanin content was negative correlated to the chlorophyll content, average temperature, and average humidity. Significant differences in the changes of chlorophyll content, carotenoid, anthocyanin, soluble sugar and red area of the leaf were found among families under different environmental conditions. Conclusion] The change of leaf color of L. formosana families showed different tendency under different environmental conditions, while significant difference of the change of leaf color under the same condition was also observed. The difference of temperature and the change of pigment ratio in the leaf resulted in the change of leaf color.