几种有机废弃物组合基质对黄瓜产量和经济效益的影响

在日光温室内,采用蔬菜有机生态型无土栽培模式,研究了几种农业有机废弃物组合基质的理化性质及其对黄瓜产量和经济效益的影响。研究结果表明,农业有机固体废弃物以蘑菇渣、鸡粪、玉米秸秆、油菜籽饼容积比按0.20∶0.30∶0.45∶0.05配置的组合效果最佳,与有土栽培比较,基质容重降低了0.27g/cm3;毛管孔隙度、自然含水量、容积含水量、蓄水量分别增加了117.62g/kg、4.65%、93.04 m3/hm2;有机质、速效N、速效P、速效K分别增加了18.37g/kg、32.97 mg/kg、24.89 mg/kg和62.64 mg/kg;黄瓜产量、产值、利润分别增加了15.84 t/hm2、1.26万元/hm2和0.74万元/hm2。采用农业有机废弃物配制栽培基质,不会引起重金属离子的富集。

Effect of Combination Matrix of Organic Waste on Cucumber Yield and Economic Benefits

In the greenhouse,using vegetable soilless cultivation model,the combination of several matrix of agricultural organic wastes and its physical and chemical properties of cucumber yield and economic benefits were studied.The results showed that agricultural organic solid waste to mushroom,chicken,corn straw,rapeseed cake volume ratio according to 0.20∶0.30∶0.45∶0.05 best configuration of the combination,compared with soil,bulk density decreased matrix 0.27 g/cm3;capillary porosity,natural water content,volumetric water content,storage capacity increased by 117.62 g/kg,4.65%,93.04 m3/hm2;organic matter,available N,available P,available K increased by 18.37 g/kg,32.97 mg/kg,24.89 mg/kg and 62.64 mg/kg;cucumber yield,output value,profits increased by 15.84 t/hm2,12 600 yuan/hm2 and 7 400 yuan/hm2.Using culture medium of agricultural organic wastes will not cause heavy metal enrichment.