Identification of resistance to either paraquat or ALS-inhibiting herbicides in two Western Australian Hordeum leporinum biotypes |
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Authors: | Owen Mechelle J Goggin Danica E Powles Stephen B |
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Affiliation: | Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia. mechelle.owen@uwa.edu.au |
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Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Hordeum populations are becoming increasingly difficult to control in cropping fields. Two herbicide‐resistant H. leporinum populations were identified during a random crop survey after herbicides were applied. The study aimed to determine the herbicide resistance profile of these H. leporinum biotypes to a range of herbicides used for their control. RESULTS: Based on dose–response studies, one H. leporinum population was very highly resistant to sulfosulfuron and sulfometuron (both sulfonylurea herbicides) and also displayed low‐level resistance to imazamox (an imidazolinone herbicide). Reduced sensitivity of the ALS enzyme was identified with in vitro activity assays. Gene sequence analysis revealed a proline‐to‐threonine substitution at amino acid position 197 of ALS, which is likely to be the molecular basis for resistance in this population. Herbicide screening also revealed a different H. leporinum population with resistance to the bipyridyl herbicide paraquat. CONCLUSION: This study established the first cases of (1) sulfonylurea‐to‐imidazolinone cross‐resistance and (2) field‐evolved paraquat resistance in a Hordeum species in Western Australia. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry |
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Keywords: | resistance survey resistance evolution Hordeum leporinum acetolactate synthase paraquat |
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