黑龙江省大豆化学品质生态地理分布——1.野生大豆化学品质生态地理分布

本研究从全省各县搜集的野生大豆在哈尔滨种植,分析百粒重1.00～2.99克的典型的野生大豆的蛋白质、脂肪含量与生态环境的相关性。结果表明:(1)野生大豆蛋白质、脂肪含量呈负相关。(2)野生大豆的蛋白质含量与纬度呈负相关(-0.5942~(**)),与海拔高度呈负相关(-0.347~(**)),脂肪含量与纬度呈正相关(0.370~(**)),与海拔高度呈正相关(0.265~*)。(3)主要气象因子对野生大豆的蛋白质、脂防含量有室要影响。其中最重要的是开花至成熟(夏至到秋分)期间的气温、蛋白质含量与各节气间平均气温相关系数为0.308~*～0.508~(**),脂肪与各节气平均气温呈显著负相关(r=-0.296~*～0.375~(**))。大暑至立秋的降水量才对蛋白质含量有显著影响,相关系数达0.295~*,脂肪含量则与夏至到小暑降水量呈正相关(0.260~*),与小暑至大暑降水量呈负相关(-0.423~(**))。蛋白质含量与生殖生长前期(8月中旬以前)的日照时数呈显著负相关,与后期日照呈正相关,但多不显著。腊肪含量与生殖生长阶段日照呈负相关。但8月中旬之前不显著。(4)牡丹江半山区为蛋白质、脂肪双高区,三江平原和松绥平原为高蛋白质区,兴安岭山区、克拜丘陵和尚方延为高脂肪区,西部干旱地区为低脂肪区。

STUDY ON ECOLOGY-GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION DIVISIONS OF SOYBEAN CHEMICAL QUALITY IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE Ⅰ. The Ecology-Geographical Distribution of Chemical Quality of GLYCINE SOJA

Five hundred and fourty four samples of G.soja with 1.00～2.99g/100 seeds collected from each county of Heilongjiang Province were planted in Harbin. The relationship between protein/oil content and ecological environment for soybean growing was studied. Results showed that:1. There is a negative correlation between protein and oil content in G.soja;2. There are negative correlations between protein and latitude (r= -0.594~(**)),protein and elevation(r=-0.347(**)),and positive correlations between oil and latitude(0.370~(**)),oil and elevation (0.265~*)in G. soja;3. Meterological factors showed important effect on protein and oil content of G. soja. The most important factors are average temperature from flower beginning to maturing(Summer Solstice to Autumnal Equinox in Chinese Solar Terms). During these terms the correlations are 0.308~*～0.508~(**) for protein content and each Solar Term, -0.296~*～-0.375~(**) for oil content and each Solar Term. There is only a Solar Term, Great heat to Autumn begins among Solar Terms in which rainfall effects protein content significantly (r=0.295~*). The term in which rainfall effects oil content significantly is from Summer Solstice to slight heat(r=-0.423~(**)).There is a significant negative correlation between protein content and sunlight hours in the tirst phase of reproduction growing period(before middle of August). But in the last phase, it shows a nonsignificant correlation. For oil content and sunlight hours, it is negative correlation. But it is not significant before middle of August4. According to the relationship between protein/oil content and ecological environment, the chemical quality distribution of G. soja of Heilongjiang Province, China can be divided into four regions and seven subregions.Mudanjiang submountainous district is a region with both high protein and oil content Three river plain subregion and Songhuajiang-Suihua plain subregion are high protein regions. Xingan mountain, Keshan-Baiquan hilly land and Shangzhi-Fangzheng-Yanshou area are three subregions of high oil content region. West drought area is a region with low content levels of both protein and oil.