长春市土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分级及侵蚀背景的空间分析

在ARCGIS 8.3地理信息系统(GIS)支持下,实现了土壤侵蚀潜在危险的分级及其空间分析。首先,采用美国通用土壤侵蚀模型估算土壤侵蚀量,再用土壤年均侵蚀量、土层厚度和土壤容重得到土壤抗蚀年限图,按水利部标准将长春市土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分为五级,并提出了土壤侵蚀潜在危险指数的概念。借助GIS方法,通过分析不同坡度、不同坡向、不同地貌类型以及不同土地利用类型等背景条件下的土壤侵蚀潜在危险度情况,探讨了土壤侵蚀潜在危险度的空间分布特点。

Gradation of Soil Erosion Potential Danger and Spatial Analysis on Erosion Background

The process of grading soil erosion potential danger and its spatial distribution of Changchun City was carried out in ARCGIS 8.3.Firstly,soil erosion modulus was estimated using USLE and maps of soil density and soil horizon thickness were derived from detailed soil survey data.Then the annual eroded soil thickness was calculated using soil erosion modulus,soil thickness and soil density.According to the classification standards of Ministry of Water Resources'the potential danger of soil erosion was divided into five grades and the index of soil erosion potential danger(SEPDI)was established.By using GIS,the soil erosion potential danger under different erosion background such as different gradient level,different aspect,different geomorphology type,different land use type etc.were analyzed,and thus the distribution characteristics of soil erosion potential danger were discussed.