淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体遗传结构的微卫星分析

利用日本沼虾13对中高多态性的微卫星位点分析了淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体的遗传结构。结果表明:11个群体中共有118个位点经Bonferroni校正后显示杂合不足且显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡;群体平均期望杂合度均小于0.658,显示出较低的遗传多样性水平,其中瓦埠湖、焦岗湖群体遗传多样性相对较高,高塘湖群体相对较低;淮河安徽段日本沼虾群体偏离了突变-漂移平衡,呈现出遗传多样性下降的趋势,说明群体即将或曾经经历瓶颈效应;群体间AMOVA分析表明,群体间遗传分化程度较低(FST=0.011 6),且没有形成显著的遗传结构,在种质资源保护和管理上可视作一个单元,这为日本沼虾种质资源保护和合理开发利用提供了基础资料。研究亮点:日本沼虾是我国重要的淡水经济虾类,本研究分析了淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体的遗传结构,发现淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体遗传多样性及群体间遗传分化程度均较低,且没有形成明显的遗传结构,提出在种质资源保护和利用上可视为一个单元进行操作。

Genetic structure analysis of natural Macrobrachium nipponense populations in Anhui section of Huaihe River based on microsatellite

By using thirteen moderate and high polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci, this paper analyzed the genetic structure of wild Macrobrachium nipponense populations in Anhui section of Huaihe River. For the 11 M. nipponense populations, there were 118 loci presenting heterozygosity deficiency and obvious deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. The mean expected heterozygosity values of the 11 populations were all below 0.658, displaying a low genetic diversity, while higher genetic diversity appeared in WB and JG populations, and lower in GT populations. The 11 populations departed from mutation drift equilibrium, suggesting that the population structure had experienced bottleneck effect and the population amount had declined. The AMOVA analysis across all the populations showed that the genetic divergence among the 11 populations was at a lower level (F_ST = 0.0116). 98.84 % of the genetic variation came from intra population, and 1.16 % came from inter population, suggesting that all the M. nipponense populations in Anhui section of Huaihe River could be protected and managed as a single unit, which provides basic material for development and utilization of germplasm resonrces of M. nipponense.