广西矿区植物重金属富集特征

【目的】为寻找广西矿区潜在的对重金属元素的超富集植物。【方法】根据矿区的地貌和植被分布特征，对广西矿区土壤和植物的重金属含量进行调查，通过测定土壤和植物中的Cu、Zn、Cd、As等重金属含量，并分析其富集特征。【结果】矿区土壤中的重金属含量均超过国家一级标准（GB15618—1995），其中As含量超国家三级标准；植物中的Cu、Zn、Cd和As含量分别为54．2～148．4、91．7—319．9、4．1—13．2和353．0—5123．7mg／kg；蜈蚣草、山菅兰、五节芒、葡萄属、壳斗科和杜茎山等植物中的As含量较高，分别为5123．7、3132．7、1046．6～3012．3、2411．4、1507．9和1056．1～1258．9mg／kg，其相应的富集系数分别为25．2、6.6、2．2～14．8、5．1、3．2和5．2～6．2，表现出地上部大于地下部的富集特征。【结论】蜈蚣草、山菅兰、五节芒、葡萄属、壳斗科、杜茎山均达到As超富集植物的标准，是潜在对的As超富集植物。

Accumulation of heavy metals in plants grown in abandoned mines in Guangxi

Objective]In order to screen the potential heavy metal hyperaccumulatom,the concentrations of heavy metals in plants grown in abandoned mines in Guangxi were investigated. Method]The samples of soil and plants from aban- doned mines were collected and Cu, Zn, Cd and As contents in the soils and plants were measured. Result]The contents of all the four heavy metals in the soil were found higher than the first grade of environmental quality standard for soils （GB15618-1995）, and the As contents was higher than the third grade of the national standard. The plants investigated contained higher Cu（54.2-148.4 mg/kg）, Zn （91.7-319.9 mg/kg）, Cd （4.1-13.2 mg/kg） and As （353.0-3875.7 mg/kg） compared to normal plants. The plants of Ptens vittata Linn, Dianella ensifol, Miscanthus tloddulus, Ampelopsis sp, Castabal- anopsis sp and Maesa japonica （Thb.）accumulated 5123.7, 3132.7, 1046.6-3012.3, 2411.4, 1507.9 and 1056.1-1258.9 mg/kg As, respectively, which were higher than the control, and their hioconcentration factors were 25.2, 6.6, 2.2-14.8, 5.1, 3.2 and 5.2-6.2, respectively. The bioconcentration factors of overground part were higher than the underground parts. Conclusion]It was concluded that Ptens vittata Linn, Dianella ensifol, Miscanthus tloridulus, Ampelopsis sp, Castabalanopsis sp and Maesa japonica （Thb.） were potential As-hyperaccumulators.