16个玉米自交系的配合力效应及其聚类分析

【目的】选用自选育成的16个玉米自交系进行配合力和聚类分析,为玉米自交系的利用和强优势组合的选配提供参考。【方法】以5个玉米自交系为测验种,按NCⅡ遗传交配设计配制55个测交组合,进行产量配合力效应及聚类分析。【结果】16个玉米自交系的产量配合力差异显著,M9、M3、M1和F3、F2的GCA较高;组合M10×F3、M9×F3、M1×F3、M3×F2、M4×F2、M9×F2、M3×F3、M6×F3、M5×F3、M11×F2的配合力总效应较高,为强优势组合,其利用潜力较大。根据产量SCA进行聚类分析,可将16个自交系分为5类：M1、M6为第Ⅰ类群;M2、M7、M9、M3、M5为第Ⅱ类群;M8、M11、F1为第Ⅲ类群;F2、F3为第Ⅳ类群;M4、M10、F4、F5为第Ⅴ类群。【结论】自交系M3、M9和F2、F3的GCA和SCA效应均较高,具有较高的利用价值,与其他自交系组配,较易选育出较高产的玉米杂交组合。

Combining ability effects and cluster analysis of 16 maize inbred lines

Objective]The present study was conducted to identify the combining ability effects using sixteen inbred maize lines, and cluster analysis was performed in order to screen inbred maize lines with strong and superior combinations. Method]Eleven maize inbred lines were crossed to five lines to obtain 55 crosses using NCⅡ design to identify the combining ability effects and to perform cluster analysis. Result]The 16 maize inbred lines significantly differed in combining ability of yield trait, and the GCA（general combining ability） of yields of M9, M3, M1, F3 and F2 were higher. Among 55 crossing combinations, M10×F3 （20.61）, M9×F3 （18.90）, M1×F3 （16.16）, M3×F2 （14.39）, M4×F2 （13.71）, M9×F2 （13.69）, M3×F3 （12.91）, M6×F3 （12.04）, M5×F3 （10.72） and M11×F2 （10.27） were found as stronger dominant combinations with higher total combining ability effects, these combinations had higher application potential. According to the result of cluster analysis on special combining ability, 16 maize inbred lines were classified into five groups： M1 and M6 （group I）, M2, M7, M9, M3 and M5 （group II）, M8, M11 and F1 （group III）, F2 and F3 （group IV）, M4, M10, F5 and F4 （group V）. Conclusion]M3, M9, F2, F3 had higher GCA and special combining ability and better application potential, and they may be recommended for use in breeding maize hybrids with higher yield.