世界经济林生产概况及发展趋势

经济林具有广泛而丰富的含意,其中木本油料、干果在人民生活中占有重要地位.估计棕榈油、椰子油、橄榄油和茶油四大木本食用油料年产量为1 492万吨.中国、土耳其和美国是干果生产三大国.中国年产量60万吨,居首位.世界经济林生产发展趋势是:生产和经营一体化;实行以无性系良种为中心的集约栽培经营;发展产品深度加工,开拓新产品;注意人才的培养.

A Survey on the Production of Economic Forests in the World

Economic Forests include a wide variety of tree species and thus the implications underlying them are far-reaching.Among all the products of economic forests, woody oils and dry fruits play a significant role in people's daily life.It is estimated that the annual output of the four staple edible woody oils-palm oil, coconut oil, olive oil,and tea-seed oil-amounts to 14.92 million tons, accounting for 29.8% of the world's total annual yield of all edible plant oils put together.Besides, new uses of some conventional products like tung.oil and tallow-seed oil are reported.The total yield of dry fruits all over the world is approximately 3.95 million tons today as against 3.50 million tons in 1980, showing an increase of 4.50% annually.Among the countries/regions where a large quantity of dry fruits are produced, China, Turkey and USA take the front places,with China standing first, where 0.6 million tons are turned out each year.The present development trend in.relation to economic forests is characterized by an integration of production with management, an intensive cultivation and martagement concentrated on improved clonie varieties, further processing of ready products along with development of new products(e.g.beverage from various plant leaves), and training of professional and managerial personnel.