道路建设扰动下的生态效应分析及其消减对策

道路建设给人类带来社会、经济效益的同时,亦在一定程度重塑生态系统结构与功能,影响生态系统的健康.从道路建设诱发的不利生态效应人手,运用机理探讨的方法,对生态系统的"组成-结构-功能"这一梯级响应过程进行了较深入的分析.论述了道路建设扰动下生态系统结构在时空尺度上的变异性,如水文格局、植被群落演替、野生动物分布格局的改变,以及对生态系统物质循环、能量流动、信息传递等功能过程连续性的扰动作用.结合道路建设的"规划-设计-施工-运营-维护"等过程的干扰特性,从生态设计、生态恢复与生态补偿角度提出了消减道路建设生态影响的对策,以期促进道路建设的社会效益、经济效益和生态效益的协调统一.

Ecological Effects and Mitigation Measures Under the Disturbance of Road Construction

Road construction brings social and economical benefits,but meanwhile seriously destroys the structure and disturbs the functions of ecosystem.Thus it becomes a threat to ecosystem health.The ecological effects of road construction are analyzed in terms of the components,structure,and functions of ecosystem,which appears a cascade response process.The method used to analyze such ecological effects is mechanism discussing.The variability of ecosystem structure in space and time scales under the disturbance o...