植物病原体中自噬作用的研究进展

自噬是真核生物细胞中大分子物质降解过程。研究表明自噬在病原体侵染中起重要作用，自噬缺失导致病原体形态异常，包括分生孢子形成和发育，有性繁殖及附孢形成和膨压产生等，同时侵染力降低，且不同病原体自噬类型不同。本研究归纳了自噬在稻瘟病菌、炭疽病菌、禾谷镰孢菌等植物病原体中的作用，分析了自噬缺失与侵染缺陷之间的关系，推测自噬的缺失导致了营养循环失衡，影响病菌的生理，进而导致侵染异常。今后的研究可侧重于病原体自噬的分子机制、线粒体自噬以及自噬在病原体与宿主互作中的作用。

Review on Role of Autophagy in Phytopathogen

Autophagy is a process of bulk degradation that occurs in all eukaryotes. Recent reports indicated that autophagy played a vital role during infection of pathogen, and the kind of autophagy involved in changes with pathogen species, defect of autophagy in pathogens resulted in various phenotype, including abnormal conidiation development, conidial germination and sexual reproductive ability, development of appressorium, appressorium turgor generation and pathogenicity. In this paper, the role of autophagy was reviewed in Magnaporthe grisea, Anthracnose and Fusarium graminearum, the relationship of autophagy and pathogenicity were analyzed, suggested that defect of autophagy induced the imbalance of nutrition circulation, affected the physiology of pathogen and then changed the pathology of them. The study in the future should be focused on molecular mechanism of autophagy of pathogen, mitophagy and role of autophagy in interaction of pathogen and host plant.