6种野生蚕类的RAPD分析

野生蚕类是我国重要的泌丝昆虫资源,研究其亲缘关系对于发掘和利用野生蚕类资源具有重要意义。利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术分析大蚕蛾科的柞蚕、栗蚕、野生柞蚕、天蚕、蓖麻蚕、透目天蚕间的亲缘关系,利用从54个引物中筛选出的30个重复性较好的随机引物对6种野生蚕类的基因组DNA进行扩增,共得到632个RAPD标记,其中可变条带数为632条,单个引物扩增的条带数为15～27,平均为21.1。6种野生蚕类相互间的遗传距离(D)较大,说明相互间的亲缘关系较远,其中:蓖麻蚕和栗蚕的遗传距离最大,为0.761 2;天蚕和透目天蚕的遗传距离最小,为0.671 1。采用UPGMA法构建的聚类图显示6种野生蚕类聚为4类,柞蚕与野生柞蚕聚为一类,天蚕与透目天蚕聚为一类,栗蚕、蓖麻蚕各自单独聚为一类。

An RAPD Analysis on Six Species of Wild Silkworm

Wild silkworms are important silk-spinning insect resources in China.Understanding their genetic relationships is of important significance to the exploitation and utilization of wild silkworm resources.In present study,the genetic relationships between Antheraea pernyi,Dictyoploca japonica,A.pernyi wild,A.yamamai,Philosamia cynthia ricini and Rhodinia fogat were analyzed by RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA).30 random primers with good repeatability which were selected from 54 primers were used to amplify genomic DNAs of the 6 wild silkworm species.As a whole,632 RAPD markers were obtained and all of them showed polymophism.Each primer yielded 15 to 27 amplified bands,with an average of 21.1 bands.Genetic distances(D) between the 6 species were quite high,showing a relatively distant relationship between each other.Among them,the genetic distance between P.cynthia ricini and D.japonica was the highest(0.761 2),and that between A.yamamai and R.fogat was the lowest(0.671 1).The dendrogram constructed with UPGMA method showed that the 6 wild silkworm species formed four clades,among which one was formed by A.pernyi and A.pernyi wild,one by A.yamamai and R.fogat,and one by D.japonica and by P.cynthia ricini separately.